instalasi dan konfigurasi DNS server pada linux

linux imut

df = untuk melihat struktur direktori (mount)
dmesg = melihat system/mendeteksi hardware (usb)

MOUNT
sudo mount /dev/sdb2 /backup = /dev/sdb2 dapat di lihat dengan dmesg, /backup adalah lokasi dimana usb/cdrom tersebut akan di mount/dipasang
sudo umount /dev/sdb2 /backup = untuk melepaskan mount usb dari folder backup

SEARCH FILE
sudo apt-cache search apache = perintah mencari nama aplikasi disini sample apache

UPDATE
sudo apt-get update = ini acuan filenya ke file /etc/apt/source.list

EDIT SOURCE UPDATE
sudo pico /etc/apt/source.list (pico = editor)

MENCARI APLIKASI YG ADA DI SERVER HASIL INSTALASI
sudo apt-cache search ssh

INSTALL APLIKASI
sudo apt-get install openssh-server

MELIHAT CONFIGURASI IP
ifconfig

==============

MELIHAT NETWORK INTERFACE
ifconfig -a

SETTING INTERFACE
IP, NM, GW = ada pada file /etc/network/interfaces
DNS = ada pada file /etc/resolv.conf

IP 167.205.79.223
mask 255.255.255.128
gatewat 167.205.79.129
dns 167.205.79.4
167.205.22.123

MENCARI perintah SERVICE
sudo /etc/init.d = pencet TAB 2x (start, stop, restart)

MENGECEK DNS SUDAH SUKSEK ATAU BELUM
dig any xxx.lan

MENGECEK KONFIGURASI ADA KESALAHAN ATAU TIDAK
sudo named-checkconf /etc/bind/named.conf
sudo named-checkzone aryo.lan /etc/bind/db.79.205.167.lan
sudo named-checkzone aryo.lan /etc/bind/db.167.205.79

================================
STEP BY STEP INSTALASI DNS SERVER
1. instalasi
sudo apt-get install bind9 dnsutils

2. configurasi
- main config: /etc/bind/named.conf.local
- forward config: /etc/bind/db.xxx.lan
- reversed config: /etc/bind/db.167.205.79

3. jalankan
sudo /etc/init.d/bind9 restart

4. tambahkan IP DNS server ke client (KHUSUS DNS SERVER)
sudo pico /etc/resolv.conf
-(taruh paling atas)

5. test -> dig any xxx.lan

HASIL
; <<>> DiG 9.4.2-P2 <<>> any aryo.lan
;; global options: printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: SERVFAIL, id: 37441 <--SERVFAIL ada yg bermasalah
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;aryo.lan. IN ANY

;; Query time: 2 msec
;; SERVER: 167.205.79.223#53(167.205.79.223)
;; WHEN: Fri Dec 4 12:54:39 2009
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 26

CARA PERIKSANYA

aryo@gap:~$ cat /etc/bind/named.conf.local
//
// Do any local configuration here
//

// Consider adding the 1918 zones here, if they are not used in your
// organization
//include “/etc/bind/zones.rfc1918″;

zone “aryo.lan” {
type master;
file “/etc/bind/db.aryo.lan”;
};

zone “79.205.167.in-addr.arpa” {
type master;
file “/etc/bind/db.79.205.167″;
};

aryo@gap:~$ cat /etc/bind/db.aryo.lan
cat: /etc/bind/db.aryo.lan: No such file or directory
aryo@gap:~$ cat /etc/bind/db.79.205.167
cat: /etc/bind/db.79.205.167: No such file or directory

aryo@gap:~$ cat /etc/bind/db.aryo.lan
cat: /etc/bind/db.aryo.lan: No such file or directory
aryo@gap:~$ cat /etc/bind/db.79.205.167
cat: /etc/bind/db.79.205.167: No such file or directory
aryo@gap:~$
aryo@gap:~$ ls
aryo@gap:~$ sudo /etc/bind/
sudo: /etc/bind/: command not found
aryo@gap:~$ sudo /etc/bind/
db.0 db.167.205.79 db.79.205.167.lan db.local named.conf named.conf.options zones.rfc1918
db.127 db.255 db.empty db.root named.conf.local rndc.key

PERINTAH MERENAME FILE:
sudo mv /etc/bind/db.167.205.79 /etc/bind/db.aryo <--perintah untuk me rename file

SETELAH DIPERBAIKI

aryo@gap:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/bind9 restart
* Stopping domain name service… bind [ OK ]
* Starting domain name service… bind [ OK ]
aryo@gap:~$ dig any aryo.lan

; <<>> DiG 9.4.2-P2 <<>> any aryo.lan
;; global options: printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 26673
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;aryo.lan. IN ANY

;; ANSWER SECTION:
aryo.lan. 604800 IN SOA training.lan. root.training.lan. 2009120401 604800 86400 2419200 604800
aryo.lan. 604800 IN NS aryo.lan.
aryo.lan. 604800 IN A 167.205.79.223

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
aryo.lan. 604800 IN A 167.205.79.223

;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 167.205.79.223#53(167.205.79.223)
;; WHEN: Fri Dec 4 13:10:50 2009
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 122

aryo@gap:~$ ping aryo.lan
PING aryo.lan (167.205.79.223) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 167-205-79-223.comlabs.itb.ac.id (167.205.79.223): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.176 ms
64 bytes from 167-205-79-223.comlabs.itb.ac.id (167.205.79.223): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.065 ms

--- aryo.lan ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.065/0.120/0.176/0.056 ms
aryo@gap:~$ ping www
PING comlabs.itb.ac.id (167.205.79.14) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from hosting.comlabs.ITB.ac.id (167.205.79.14): icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=1.02 ms
64 bytes from hosting.comlabs.ITB.ac.id (167.205.79.14): icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.597 ms

--- comlabs.itb.ac.id ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1004ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.597/0.812/1.028/0.217 ms

NOTE: sebaiknya penamaan file reverer dan forward diberikan keterangan seperti db.rev.aryo.lan dan db.for.aryo

untuk forward depannya nama DOMAIN
untuk reverse depannya IP tetapi belakangnya saja.

======

-> ping host.domain
bila replay, berarti SUKSES…membangun DNS SERVER dengan ubuntu server

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